Presentation on the theme "Christmas time". Multimedia presentation "Yuletide fortune-telling" Presentation "Yuletide days"
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Christmastide
Student 5 A class MBOU Irkutsk secondary school No. 28 Shilova Taisiya
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Goals:
To introduce the customs and beliefs of the Russian people To awaken interest in the history of the peoples of Russia To cultivate a sense of citizenship and patriotism To instill love for antiquity, culture and way of life of the Russian people To promote the education of a highly moral personality who deeply understands and has an infinite love for Russian culture and history, the Russian people and the Fatherland.
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Christmastide - holy evenings, this is what was called in Russia the days of celebration, fun, days of the sacred celebration of the Nativity of Christ. This holiday intertwined the traditions of the pagan rites of the ancient Slavs and Christianity. The Christian Church coincides with three major holidays during the winter holidays: Christmas, St. Basil's Day and Epiphany.
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Yuletide week
Light evenings (1st week of January) Light evenings (1st week of January) Light evenings (1st week of January) Light evenings (1st week of January) Light evenings (1st week of January) Light evenings (1st week of January) 1st week of January) Light evenings (1st week of January) Light evenings (1st week of January) Light evenings (1st week of January) Light evenings (1st week of January) Light evenings (1st week of January) Light evenings (1st week of January)
6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 11 12
Christmas Eve Kuteynik. Christmas Eve Kuteynik. Christmas Christmas "Babi porridge" "Babi porridge" Stefanov's day Stefanov's day Infant Remembrance Day Anisya the stomach girl
Scary evenings (week 2) Scary evenings (week 2) Scary evenings (week 2) Scary evenings (week 2) Scary evenings (week 2) Scary evenings (week 2) Scary evenings (week 2) Scary evenings (week 2) Scary evenings (week 2) Scary evenings (week 2) Scary evenings (week 2) Scary evenings (week 2)
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Malanya Vasilyev's Day Old New Year's Day Vasilyev's Day Old New Year's Seliverstov Day Chicken Holiday Seliverstov Day Chicken Festival Day of the Prophet Malachi Day of the Prophet Malachi Epiphany Evening Second Christmas Eve Epiphany Evening Second Christmas Eve Epiphany Epiphany Jordan
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DID YOU KNOW?
Christmas Eve is a day of strict fasting before the Nativity of Christ, on which the first family meal was served only after the first star. Kutya is a lean porridge made from grains of wheat, rice or barley with honey, poppy seeds or raisins, which was cooked on Christmas night and Epiphany Eve in memory of deceased ancestors. Carols, Schedrovki, Vinogradya - songs of the festive round of courtyards with wishes for wealth and harvest. Ovsenki are ritual cookies in the shape of birds and domestic animals, which the owners gave to carolers after singing songs. Naryatchiki, mashkarats - participants in terrible evenings, which, according to the superstitious beliefs of the ancient Slavs, were substitutes for the souls of deceased ancestors; according to another version, they personified evil spirits. Troparion - a special church chant that explains the meaning of the holiday
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The first three evenings were called holy, because as soon as the all-night vigil in the church ended and people went home, “Christoslavs” began to walk around the village - these are groups of children, teenagers and young people who, entering the house, brought the news that he was born Christ and sang Christmas carols. The symbol of Christmas and holy evenings was the star of Bethlehem - the same one that sparkled with lights, walked across the sky and lowered a golden ray to the ground where little Christ was born.
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Christmas Eve, Kolyada, is also called Christmas Eve. This name is associated with the custom of Orthodox Christians to eat juice on this day - dried grains of bread soaked in water. Sochivo was called not only porridge and any lean food, but also the juice of various seeds: poppy, hemp, sunflower, mustard, nut, almond and other “milk”.
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According to tradition, the meal begins with the appearance of the first star, in memory of the Star of Bethlehem, which announced the birth of Christ to the shepherds.
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Their first three days were called holy evenings. These days, children, youth, and old people glorified Christ in their homes. They were called “Christoslavs”, “glorifiers”. The earliest circumambulation, before the first morning star, was traditionally performed by children, since, according to the general belief, pure children’s prayer reached the throne of the Lord faster.
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Riddles
Try to determine which Christmastide day is meant by certain sayings, poems, expressions and riddles. Winter is freezing, but the man is for the holidays. (Start of Christmas time). Pig or boletus to Vasiliev's evening. (Old New Year). Neighbor goes to talk to neighbor. (Christmas, Vasiliev evening). Christmas time will come - your heels will tan. (Youth Christmas gatherings). A snow bath will fix everything and add beauty. (Baptism). When does day come to chicken step? (Old New Year). When does a gypsy sell a fur coat? (After Christmas time). The bear is flying, twirling its tail, The pig has built a nest on a spruce tree, Built a nest, brought out the babies, The piglets are hanging on the branches, They want to fly. (Vasiliev evening).
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Literature:
Veletskaya N.N. Pagan symbolism of Slavic archaic rituals. – M.: Nauka, 1978 Gromyko M.M. The world of the Russian village. - M.: Young Guard, 1991 Gromyko M.M. Religions of Russia. - M., 1998 // Newspaper “Blagovest”, L.P. Lyakhovskaya Corinthian Apollo. People's Rus'. – M.: White City, 2007. Monthly. Traditions, customs, signs and advice for every day / compiled by O.V. Stepkina. – M.: Ripol-classic, 2009. Propp V.Ya. Russian agricultural holidays. – M.: Labyrinth, 2006. Semenova M. We are Slavs! – St. Petersburg: ABC, 1998 Ternovaya I.I. Irkutsk woman: portrait at the turn of the century (late 19th – early 20th centuries). – Irkutsk: Print, 2007 Tereshchenko A.V. History of the Culture of the Russian people. – M.: Eksmo, 2007 Shmelev I.S. Summer of the Lord. – M.: Bustard, 2002.
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Carol
- Little children plucked branches, stood in the garden, glorified Christ.
Christ was born, Paradise opened.
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The dough for carols can be prepared from rye flour alone or from a mixture of rye and wheat flour in equal proportions (1:1) according to the following recipe: 2 thin glasses of flour, a thin glass of liquid (water, milk, yogurt, sour cream in any proportions), salt on the tip of a knife. Salt is not added to fresh bread. The kneaded dough should “rest” for 20-30 minutes, covered with a napkin so as not to dry out. Roll out the dough into a rope, cut into equal pieces, roll into balls, roll them into thin flat cakes, and give them a round or oval shape. Add a variety of fillings and pinch or fold the edges in different ways. Bake carols (wickets) at a temperature of 200-220 degrees until ready. Brush baked hot carols with melted butter or butter and sour cream, then the crust will be soft and tasty.
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http://ru.wikipedia.org http://traditio-ru.org http://www.ethnomuseum.ru http://images.yandex.ru http://www.symbolarium.ru http://dic .academic.ru http://pravoslavnye.org http://azbyka.ru http://crazymama.ru http://www.pravmir.ru http://kulinary2012.narod.ru http://www.cultinfo .ru
Christmas time has arrived. What a joy! Windy youth wonders, For which nothing is sorry, Before which the distance of life Lies bright, boundless; Old age wonders through glasses At its gravestone, Having lost everything irrevocably; And all the same: hope Lies to them with baby talk. A.S. Pushkin. Christmas holidays Christmas holidays are the days from January 6 to 18, when people congratulate each other on the birth of the Child God: “Christ is born - glorify!”
On the eve of the Nativity of Christ, January 6, Christmas Eve, children were instructed to collect and bring the purest and most fragrant hay to the house. The children laid this fragrant hay on the pokuti - under the images (icons) in the red corner of the hut. This place was supposed to resemble the manger in which the baby Christ was born. Postcard from the 19th century Hungry Kutya. A generous evening. Rich supper.
On the very eve of Christmas - January 6 - they cooked hungry (lenten) kutya in water - a wheat broth with honey - “sochivo”. The porridge was placed in a deep plate, a cross of cherry or other jam was made in the middle, the edges were decorated with dried fruits and raisins, then the plate was tied with a scarf and the children brought the supper to their godfather and mother. The godfathers and mothers gave gifts to the children. Hence the name of the evening – “generous”. The rich supper - the gala dinner - began early, even before dusk, with the appearance of the first star in the sky, symbolizing the birth of Jesus Christ. They dined decorously and calmly, strictly maintaining silence. Christmas star 19th century postcard
Christmas carols Previously, these Christmas holidays were solemnly illuminated by pious deeds. The church fathers instructed to sanctify the feasts of the Lord with godly offerings. The sovereigns freed the people from various arrears, reduced taxes, generously distributed royal favor in the form of money and treats, and released criminals from prison. These days, which were known as Christmastide, or Saints, the people turned into their own amusements. The word carols has its root in the Latin word calenda, that is, the first in the month or the first in the year, from where the word calendar appeared in European languages.
Christmas carols Caroling is an ancient custom of going from house to house singing congratulatory songs. The songs that were sung were called carols and their meaning boiled down to wishes for health, a bountiful harvest, and prosperity. The carol always consisted of a request for alms. Carols were sung on Christmas Eve, on Old New Year, which in the past was timed to coincide with the winter solstice. Caroling is a song, glorifying the Nativity of Christ.
Sowing for the Old New Year The morning of the New Year (January 14, new style) begins with the arrival of the sowers. It is believed that well-being and good luck throughout the year depend on the first New Year's day. Boys and boys went to sow and at the same time told the girls: “All your power is over!” Sometimes one of the guys dressed up in a woman's dress. This ritual was called “leading Mylanka.” The guys put large canvas bags over their shoulders, full of cereal seeds, sunflowers, peas, and beans. They appeared on the doorstep and said: “Hello, owners, Happy New Year, Happy Holidays!”
Christmastide games and fun Winter Christmastide has always been and remains very interesting, exciting and fun holidays, where a huge number of participants and spectators of various ages participate. In ancient times, sledding down the mountain even had magical meaning. It was believed that the one who descends the farthest from the mountain will have long stems of cereal crops in the new year and the harvest will be good.
Yuletide fortune-telling "Vasil's Evening" (January 13) and the last day of Yuletide (January 18) were very important days for unmarried girls. These days, Christmas fortune-telling was in full swing. Our great-great-grandmothers believed that Christmas fortune-telling on Vasilyev’s evening always comes true and whatever happens according to fortune-telling that evening will definitely come true. Christmastide ended on January 18, on the eve of the Epiphany. Christmastide lasts twelve days, the fun continues. But everything comes to an end. Those who caroled and told fortunes on Christmastide, and therefore sinned, with the end of Christmastide had to undergo cleansing - swim in an ice hole carved in the shape of an Orthodox cross (Jordan), or at least wash themselves with Epiphany water. Thus, at Epiphany, Christmas pranks and follies were atoned for.
Baptism of the Lord On January 19, our Lord Jesus Christ received Baptism at the age of 30. Before He went out to His service to save the world, God sent the great prophet John the Baptist (i.e., predecessor) to prepare people to accept the Lord. John the Baptist baptized our Savior Jesus Christ in the waters of the Jordan River. The Church calls these waters a great shrine and calls on us to have them in our homes in case of illness, in case of spiritual sorrow, in case of sin, for purification and renewal, for introduction to the newness of purified life. Holy Epiphany. Baptism of the Lord God and our Savior Jesus Christ.
Epiphany ends the twelve-day Christmas cycle, otherwise known as Christmastide. Just like in ancient times, today on the feast of Epiphany and Epiphany there is a tradition of swimming in ponds. To do this, a special ice hole in the shape of a Cross is made on rivers or lakes - Jordan, into which believers plunge three times - in the name of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit.
The tradition of fortune telling at Christmas time is the most ancient and, apparently, will live on for a very long time. For, in addition to the natural desire to know what is hidden, the sacrament of Christmas fortune-telling is very spectacular and exciting, and sometimes terrifying and frightening. Christmastide lasts from January 7 to January 19. So if you didn’t have time to tell your fortune on Christmas night, when magical sessions are most powerful, you will have almost two more weeks at your disposal when you can perform Christmas fortune-telling.
Fortune telling is one of the signs of Christmastide.
During Christmas time there are:
The most “faithful” are considered to be fortune telling on Vasiliev’s evening - the eve of January 14, i.e. on the Old New Year.
1. You can tell fortunes only at midnight, while lighting the room is allowed with candles, but lamps and electrical appliances should be turned off.
2. When doing fortune telling, maintain complete silence, do not talk or laugh.
3. You cannot cross your arms and legs. This will help you, first of all, not to get confused when during the ritual you need to take an object with a certain hand.
4. You need to take off all the things that encircle or bind you, be it a ring, bracelet or belt.
5. During fortune telling, a person should not be under the protection of religion, therefore they must remove their crosses and hide icons indoors.
A huge variety of methods for Christmas fortune-telling have been invented in Rus', but the main theme of all Christmas fortune-telling is fortune telling for the betrothed (groom). This is understandable, because in ancient times, the fate of a girl depended entirely on how successfully she would get married.
Nomination “Presentations in the pedagogical process in preschool educational institutions”
Presentation about the holiday of Christmas and holy days in Rus'.
Target: introducing children to the culture and traditions of the Russian people, introducing children to ancient traditions, nurturing a sense of collectivism, friendship, and the joy of communication.
The New Year holidays are over, but our middle group has developed its own, in our opinion, interesting, good tradition - celebrating the Christmas holidays.
For example, on Christmas Eve, the children acted out the fairy tale “The Christmas Tree.” Children, despite their age, happily dressed up as fairy tale characters and took on the main roles. Thanks to this production, the children learned why the humble Christmas tree became a symbol of Christmas.
The children's parents also took an active part in the celebration. With great interest the children listened to the speech of the mother of the Unmarried Roma, who spoke about Christmas in a very interesting and accessible way for the children.
Christmas has passed, but the spirit of festive mood is still in the air of our kindergarten. Christmas time! It’s not for nothing that from January 7 to January 19, people walked, went to visit, congratulated and treated each other, had fun, amused the people with carols and believed: “How you spend Christmas time, so will the whole year.” The magic word “Carols” is a holiday where everyone becomes both a participant and a spectator.
During caroling, the villagers walked around the courtyards, stood under the windows, and sang special songs of praise, called “carols” after their chorus. Caroling is, first of all, a wish for unprecedented, fabulous prosperity and wealth to families. The most fun entertainment at carols was “massing”. The mummers caroled with songs and funny scenes. Favorite characters were the Bear, the Gypsy and the Goat. Gift giving during caroling is not just payment, but a ritual that ensures good luck for the family in the coming year.
We prepared seriously for Carols in kindergarten. Children were introduced to the history of the holiday, the traditions that accompany it, and learned carol songs and poems. Parents took an active part in preparing attributes and costumes for the holiday, which contributed to the emotional perception of the holiday and made an unforgettable impression on the children.
On January 18, our children, together with teachers and parents, in elegant costumes and singing, walked around the entire kindergarten! The “Carolers” put on a real performance. Children sang carols with wishes for health, prosperity, wealth, danced in circles, solved riddles, played with the Goat, and the owners presented the carolers with gingerbread, pies, sweets, and small money.
This Christmas day ended with a festive tea party near the Christmas tree, and watching a presentation about the holiday of Christmas and holy days in Rus' in an atmosphere of magic, peace and goodness.
Presentation “Holidays”
A presentation on the topic “Yuletide Christmas fortune-telling” talks about those wonderful customs that have existed in Rus' for many centuries and have survived to this day. At all times, people wanted to know their fate, and Christmas evenings were considered sacred, so with the help of special rituals it was possible to predict love for oneself and find out where the betrothed lives. You can download the presentation for middle and high school students.
There is a lot of interesting material on the pages of the electronic resource. Students will be able to learn:
- how to tell your wish for Christmas;
- Christmas fortune telling for your betrothed before bedtime;
- casting a spell on a guy using cards;
- Christmas fortune telling with a ring for children and future marriage;
- determining fate with wax.
A presentation on the theme “Christmastide” will tell elementary school students or kindergarten students about how they used to have fun in Rus' after the Nativity of Christ, timed to coincide with this celebration. The work was completed by a 4th grade student. Adults helped him collect the material, so the design of the work is perfect. You can download the electronic resource for classroom lessons in grades 1, 2, 3, 4 or to accompany lessons on the surrounding world for preschoolers.
The development was completed on 11 slides. First, the author talks about what Christmastide or holy evenings are, and then describes those customs that are characteristic of different regions of Russia. Those who watch this multimedia resource will learn about caroling, fortune telling, mummers going from house to house, the tricks of evil spirits, and much more.
A presentation on the theme “Kolyada” will tell children about the long-standing Russian traditions of carols, which existed mainly in villages and were an obligatory part of Christmas celebrations. Today, city schoolchildren cannot imagine such an unusual journey from home singing, wearing costumes, and wearing holiday attributes. So that our history is not lost in time, and traditions continue to live or are renewed, we suggest downloading a ready-made manual and conducting an interesting class hour for elementary school children.
From the presentation, primary schoolchildren will learn:
- what are carols?
- customs of caroling;
- carolers and carolers;
- poems for the holiday.
The material contains the script for the class hour "A Holiday Promising a Miracle." The event is held in 8 classes. The class hour is held with the goal of telling students about what Christmas time is and how this holiday is celebrated.
The material contains the script for the class hour "The carol has come - open the gate." The event is held in all classes of the school. The class hour is held with the aim of awakening children's interest in folk traditions; contribute to the formation of cultural identity, strengthening of national feeling; Encourage children to participate in traditional Yuletide celebrations.
